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Powder Diffraction / Zeolites


Methods of structure determination from powder diffraction data

Because many technologically and industrially important materials are synthesized and used in polycrystalline form, methods of structure analysis using powder diffraction data need to be developed. The Rietveld or whole-profile method of structure refinement allows relatively complex structures to be analyzed, but a starting structural model is required. In an attempt to derive such starting models directly from the powder diffraction data, we are pursuing several different approaches:

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Adapting the charge-flipping algorithm to powder diffraction data

D. Xie, Ch. Baerlocher and L.B. McCusker, "Using phases retrieved from two-dimensional projections to facilitate structure solution from X-ray powder diffraction data" J. Appl. Crystallogr. (2011) in press

Ch. Baerlocher, D. Xie, L.B. McCusker, S.-J. Hwang, I.Y. Chan, K. Ong, A.W. Burton and S.I. Zones, "Ordered silicon vacancies in the framework structure of the zeolite catalyst SSZ-74" Nature Mater. (2008), 7, 631-635

Ch. Baerlocher, F. Gramm, L. Massüger, L.B. McCusker, Z. He, S. Hovmöller and X. Zou, "Structure of the polycrystalline zeolite catalyst IM-5 solved by enhanced charge flipping", Science (2007), 315, 1113-1116

Ch. Baerlocher, L.B. McCusker and L. Palatinus, "Charge flipping combined with histogram matching to solve complex crystal structures from powder diffraction data", Z. Kristallogr. (2007), 222, 47-53

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Using electron microscopy to complement powder diffraction

L.B. McCusker and Ch. Baerlocher, "Using electron microscopy to complement X-ray powder diffraction data to solve complex crystal structures", Chem. Commun. (2009), 1439-1451

D. Xie, Ch. Baerlocher and L.B. McCusker, "Combining precession electron diffraction dta with X-ray powder diffraction data to facilitate structure solution", J. Appl. Crystallogr. (2008) 41, 1115-1121

Ch. Baerlocher, F. Gramm, L. Massüger, L.B. McCusker, Z. He, S. Hovmöller and X. Zou, "Structure of the polycrystalline zeolite catalyst IM-5 solved by enhanced charge flipping", Science (2007), 315, 1113-1116

F. Gramm, Ch. Baerlocher, L.B. McCusker, S.J. Warrender, P.A. Wright, B. Han, S.B. Hong, Z. Liu, T. Ohsuna and O. Terasaki, "Complex zeolite structure solved by combining powder diffraction and electon microscopy", Nature (2006), 444, 79-81

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Using textured samples to generate more single-crystal-like data

Ch. Baerlocher, L.B. McCusker, S. Prokic and T. Wessels, "Exploiting texture to estimate the relative intensities of overlapping reflections", Z. Kristallogr. (2004), 219, 803-819

T. Wessels, Ch. Baerlocher and L.B. McCusker, "Single-crystal-like diffraction data from polycrystalline materials", Science (1999), 284, 477-479

T. Wessels, Ch. Baerlocher, L.B. McCusker and E.J. Creyghton, "An ordered form of the extra-large-pore zeolite UTD-1: synthesis and structure analysis from powder diffraction data", J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1999) 121, 6242-6247

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Generating structure envelopes and using them to facilitate structure determination

S. Brenner, L.B. McCusker and Ch. Baerlocher, "The application of structure envelopes in structure determination from powder diffraction data", J. Appl. Cryst. (2002) 35, 243-252

S. Brenner, L.B. McCusker and Ch. Baerlocher, "Using a structure envelope to facilitate structure solution from powder diffraction data", J. Appl. Cryst. (1997) 30, 1167-1172

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Incorporating crystal chemical information into the structure determination process

R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve, L.B. McCusker and Ch. Baerlocher, "Zeolite structure determination from powder diffraction data: applications of the FOCUS method", J. Appl. Cryst. (1999) 32, 536-542

R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve, L.B. McCusker and Ch. Baerlocher, "Powder Diffraction Data and Crystal Chemical Information Combined in an Automated Structure Determination Procedure for Zeolites", J. Appl. Cryst. (1997) 30, 985-995

 

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